Directions: In each question some statements followed by some conclusions. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements.
Statements:
All animals are mammals.
No mammal is reptile.
All reptiles are amphibians.
Conclusions:
I. All animals are amphibians.
II. Some amphibians are mammals.
Checking C1: All animals are amphibians.
The class 'animals' is in Statement 1 and 'amphibians' is in Statement 3 and the link or middle term is available in Statement 2 which is an E type statement. Clearly, using these we can't have an A type conclusion. C1, clearly, doesn't follow.
Checking C2: Some amphibians are mammals.
Applying the same logic, we can't get a positive conclusion using Statement 2 and Statement 3. C2, doesn't follow either.
Statements:
Some buses are cars.
No car is ship.
All ships are bikes.
Conclusions:
I. Some buses are not bikes.
II. No bike is ship.
Checking C1: Some buses are not bikes.
Here, S1 is I type, S2 is E type, and the class 'bikes' is the predicate in S2 which is an A type statement. When we move from S1 to S2, we get a conclusion in O type statement and as we know O type doesn't make a definite conclusion applying deduction method. No definite conclusion can be derived out of S1, S2 and S3 together. C1, hence, doesn't follow.
Checking C2: No bike is ship.
Converse of S3 = Some bikes are ship. Clearly, C2 doesn't follow either.